The identity of an individual is essentially a function of her choices, rather than the discovery of an immutable attribute
Poverty is not just a lack of money; it is not having the capability to realize one's full potential as a human being
Economic growth without investment in human development is unsustainable - and unethical
The success of a society is to be evaluated primarily by the freedoms that members of the society enjoy.
While I am interested both in economics and in philosophy, the union of my interests in the two fields far exceeds their intersection
Empowering women is key to building a future we want
Poverty is the deprivation of opportunity.
Human development, as an approach, is concerned with what I take to be the basic development idea: namely, advancing the richness of human life, rather than the richness of the economy in which human beings live, which is only a part of it.
I believe that virtually all the problems in the world come from inequality of one kind or another.
Starvation is the characteristic of some people not having enough food to eat. It is not the characteristic of there being not enough food to eat.
Education makes us the human beings we are. It has major impacts on economic development, on social equity, gender equity. In all kinds of ways, our lives are transformed by education and security. Even if it had not one iota of effect [on] security, it would still remain in my judgment the biggest priority in the world.
No famine has ever taken place in the history of the world in a functioning democracy.
We need to ask the moral questions: Do I have a right to be rich? And do I have a right to be content living in a world with so much poverty and inequality? These questions motivate us to view the issue of inequality as central to human living.
Globalization can be very unjust and unfair and unequal, but these are matters under our control. Its not that we dont need the market economy. We need it. But the market economy should not have priority or dominance over other institutions.
A society can be Pareto optimal and still perfectly disgusting.
Resenting the obtuseness of others is not good ground for shooting oneself in the foot.
It is important to reclaim for humanity the ground that has been taken from it by various arbitrarily narrow formulations of the demands of rationality
A defeated argument that refuses to be obliterated can remain very alive.
Any classification according to a singular identity polarizes people in a particular way, but if we take note of the fact that we have many different identities - related not just to religion but also to language, occupation and business, politics, class and poverty, and many others - we can see that the polarization of one can be resisted by a fuller picture. So knowledge and understanding are extremely important to fight against singular polarization.
Progress is more plausibly judged by the reduction of deprivation than by the further enrichment of the opulent
Human life depends not only on income but also on social opportunities, [for example] what the state does for educating.
Freedoms are not only the primary ends of development, they are also among its principal means.
Imparting education not only enlightens the receiver, but also broadens the giver - the teachers, the parents, the friends.
Economics, as it has emerged, can be made more productive by paying greater and more explicit attention to the ethical considerations that shape human behaviour and judgment.
Unceasing change turns the wheel of life, and so reality is shown in all it's many forms. Dwell peacefully as change itself liberates all suffering sentient beings and brings them great joy.
Human ordeals thrive on ignorance. To understand a problem with clarity is already half way towards solving it.
Nor let us be resentful when others differ from us. For all men have hearts, and each heart has its own leanings. Their right is our wrong, and our right is their wrong.
If a theory of justice is to guide reasoned choice of policies, strategies or institutions, then the identification of fully just social arrangements is neither necessary nor sufficient.
Education could be a great vehicle for gender equity. It allows people to see what your rights are by reading. Quite often women, for example, may have rights that they are not in the position to actually make use of.
While we cannot live without history, we need not live within it either.
Anything that increases the voice of young women tends therefore to reduce the fertility rate.
Sometimes the lack of substantive freedoms relates directly to economic poverty, which robs people of the freedom to satisfy hunger; or to achieve sufficient nutrition, or to obtain remedies for treatable illnesses or the opportunity to be adequatley clothed or sheltered, or to enjoy clean water or sanitary facilities.
No substantial famine has ever occurred in any independent and democratic country with a relatively free press.
We might have reason to be driven! We live for a short stretch of time in a world we share with others. Virtually everything we do is dependent on others, from the arts and culture to farmers who grow the food we eat.
We must go on fighting for basic education for all, but also emphasize the importance of the content of education. We have to make sure that sectarian schooling does not convert education into a prison, rather than being a passport to the wide world.
Gender inequality is not one problem, it's a collection of problems.
Sometimes the lack of substantive freedoms relates directly to economic poverty
Prolixity is not alien to us in India. We are able to talk at some length.
You have to be interested in inequality. The issue of inequality and that of poverty are not separable.
Your voice is much more articulate and people listen to you if you've been to school. In family decisions, not surprisingly, the biggest impact in reducing fertility is girls' education.
There are Muslims of all kinds. The idea of closing them into a single identity is wrong.
The lack of economic freedom could be a very major reason for loss of liberty, liberty of life.
Globalization is a complex issue, partly because economic globalization is only one part of it. Globalization is greater global closeness, and that is cultural, social, political, as well as economic.
 neutrality between different religions, and (2) prohibition of religious associations in state activities. )
There are two principal approaches to secularism, focusing respectively on (1) neutrality between different religions, and (2) prohibition of religious associations in state activities.
The best hope for peace in the world lies in the simple but far-reaching recognition that we all have many different associations and affiliations, and we need not see ourselves as being rigidly divided by a single categorization of hardened groups, which confront each other.
The notion of human right builds on our shared humanity. These rights are not derived from the citizenship of any country, or the membership of any nation, but are presumed to be claims or entitlements of every human being. They differ, therefore, from constitutionally created rights guaranteed for specific people.
Theres a clear and strong connection between fertility reduction and womens literacy and empowerment, including womens gainful employment. If you look at the more than 300 districts of India, the strongest influences in explaining fertility variations are womens literacy and gainful economic employment.
There are some people who say that theyre concerned only with poverty but not inequality. But I dont think that is a sustainable thought. A lot of poverty is, in fact, inequality because of the connection between income and capabilityhaving adequate resources to take part in the life of the community.
Famines occur under a colonial administration, like the British Raj in India or for that matter in Ireland, or under military dictators in one country after another, like Somalia and Ethiopia, or in one-party states like the Soviet Union and China.
[Globalization] has enriched the world scientifically and culturally and benefited many people economically as well.
Violence is fomented by the imposition of singular and belligerent identities on gullible people, championed by proficient artisans of terror.
I think that so many of our abilities to do things depend on interaction with each other.
I really do believe that education, despite this massive potential in transforming human lives, has not received the kind of attention that people should have given to it.
Defeated argument that refuses to be obliterated can remain very alive.
On being invited to the Jaipur Festival, I was naturally nervous about attempting an opening address to such an elite gathering.
The Affluent Society not only changed the way the country viewed itself, but gave new phrases to the language: Conventional wisdom, the bland leading the bland, private opulence and public squalor.
Development requires major source of unfreedom: poverty as well as tyranny, poor economic opportunities as well as systematic social deprivation, neglect of public facilities as well as intolerance or overactivity of repressive states.
I don't think poverty provides that much of an obstacle to education as one thinks. I think the bigger obstacle to education is the fact that it's a very hard thing to do for a first-generation schoolgoer. Because not to have parents at home who can help you, motivate you, is a problem even when the parents are in the abstract very keen on children being educated.
South Korea at the end of the Second World War had a very low level of literacy. But suddenly, like in Japan, they determined they were going in that direction. In 20 years' time, they had transformed themselves. So when people go on saying that it's all because of perennial culture, which you cannot change, that's not the way the South Korean economy was viewed before the war ended. But again within 30 years, people went on saying there's an ancient culture in Korea that has been pro-education, which is true.
Famines are easy to prevent if there is a serious effort to do so, and a democratic government, facing elections and criticisms from opposition parties and independent newspapers, cannot help but make such an effort. Not surprisingly, while India continued to have famines under British rule right up to independence … they disappeared suddenly with the establishment of a multiparty democracy and a free press. … a free press and an active political opposition constitute the best early-warning system a country threaten by famines can have
The increasing tendency towards seeing people in terms of one dominant ‘identity’ (‘this is your duty as an American’, ‘you must commit these acts as a Muslim’, or ‘as a Chinese you should give priority to this national engagement’) is not only an imposition of an external and arbitrary priority, but also the denial of an important liberty of a person who can decide on their respective loyalties to different groups (to all of which he or she belongs).
